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Understanding the core principles of data structures and algorithms for efficient software design.
Data structures organize and store data efficiently, while algorithms define step-by-step procedures for solving problems. Mastery of both is crucial for software optimization and performance.
1. Common Data Structures
- Arrays – Fixed-size, fast access to elements.
- Linked Lists – Dynamic, efficient insertions/deletions.
- Stacks – Last-in-first-out operations.
- Queues – First-in-first-out operations.
- Hash Tables – Key-value pairs for fast lookup.
- Trees – Hierarchical structures for fast search/sort.
- Graphs – Represent networks and relationships.
2. Key Algorithms
- Sorting – Bubble, Merge, Quick, Heap sort.
- Searching – Linear search, Binary search.
- Graph algorithms – Dijkstra, BFS, DFS.
- Dynamic Programming – Optimizing recursive solutions.
- Greedy algorithms – Making locally optimal choices.
Conclusion
Data structures and algorithms are fundamental for designing high-performance software. Efficient choices reduce complexity, improve speed, and enhance scalability.
| Category |
Examples |
Use Case |
| Data Structures |
Array, Linked List, Stack, Queue, Hash Table, Tree, Graph |
Memory optimization, fast lookup, hierarchical data |
| Algorithms |
Sorting, Searching, BFS, DFS, Dynamic Programming, Greedy |
Problem solving, optimization, efficiency |
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